The interpositional bypass with a parietal branch of superficial temporal artery graft for symptomatic atherosclerotic anterior cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion.

Background: For nonmoyamoya patients with anterior cerebral artery (ACA) stenosis or occlusion, whether direct revascularization of the ACA territory can prevent stroke is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a parietal branch of superficial temporal artery-interposed superficial temporal artery-to-ACA bypass (PISAB) for preventing stroke in patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic ACA stenosis or occlusion (SAASO). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from patients with SAASO who had undergone PISAB in our center between April 2016 and November 2021. The rates of patency, satisfaction (revascularization grades A and B) of bypass, perioperative complications, recurrence of ischemic stroke, changes in bypass flow, and improvements in cerebral blood perfusion were analyzed. Results: A total of 19 SAASO patients were involved in this study. Sixteen out of 19 (84.2%) patients were free from any cerebral ischemic events after surgery. Only 3 patients (15.8%) had recurrent stroke postoperatively. Two (10.5%) surgery-related complications occurred, including hyperperfusion syndrome and minor stroke. No skin ischemic complications occurred. The average follow-up period was 50.6 ± 18.3 months. The flow rate of the bypass was significantly increased half a year after surgery (56.2 ± 8.0 mL/min vs. 44.3 ± 5.3 mL/min, p < 0.001). The ratio of ipsilateral/contralateral mean transit time in the superior frontal gyrus was decreased significantly after bypass (1.08 ± 0.07 vs. 1.23 ± 0.05, p < 0.001) and continued to decrease 6 months after surgery (1.05 ± 0.04 vs. 1.08 ± 0.07, p = 0.002). The patency rate of PISAB was 94.7% (18/19) 2 years after surgery. The satisfaction rate of bypass was 89.5% (17/19). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that PISAB, as a safe superficial bypass, can effectively reduce the risk of stroke in SAASO patients. More precise conclusions will require randomized control studies.

Simultaneous detection of viable Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus in bird's nest, donkey-hide gelatin, and wolfberry using PMA with multiplex real-time quantitative PCR.

Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus are common microbial contaminants within the homology of medicine and food that can cause serious food poisoning. This study describes a highly efficient, sensitive, specific, and simple multiplex real-time quantitative PCR (mRT-qPCR) method for the simultaneous detection of viable Salmonella spp., E. coli, and S. aureus. Primers and probes were designed for the amplification of the target genes invA, uidA, and nuc. Dead bacterial genetic material was excluded by propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment, facilitating the detection of only viable bacteria. This method was capable of detecting Salmonella spp., E. coli, and S. aureus at 102, 102, and 101 CFU/ml, respectively, in pure culture. PMA combined with mRT-qPCR can reliably distinguish between dead and viable bacteria with recovery rates from 95.7% to 105.6%. This PMA-mRT-qPCR technique is a highly sensitive and specific method for the simultaneous detection of three pathogens within the homology of medicine and food.

Molecular identification and genetic relationship of Fritillaria cirrhosa and related species based on DNA barcode / 药学学报

Based on the ITS2 and psbA-trnHsequences, molecular biological identification and genetic relationship of Fritillaria cirrhosa with its relative species were carried out. In this paper, the PCR-RFLP method specified by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia was performed on all samples at first. Secondly, the ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences of all samples were amplified. Then, the amplified products were used to analyze the genetic distance, construct the phylogenetic tree, assess the identification efficiency, and evaluate the genetic relationship as well. The result showed that all the samples were divided into two groups by PCR-RFLP method. The samples in the first group, including Fritillaria ussuriensis, Fritillaria thunbergii and Fritillaria pallidiflora, could not be digested by SmaI, while the other samples in the second group, including Fritillaria mellea, Fritillaria sinica, Fritillaria cirrhosa var. ecirrhosa Franch, Fritillaria unibracteata var. longinectarea and Fritillaria cirrhosa, could be digested by SmaI. Then, ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences of all samples were obtained. The length of various ITS2 sequences were distributed from 235 to 239 bp, and the average intra- and inter-specific genetic distance were 0.001 and 0.022, respectively. NJ tree showed that all samples were separated into "Northern Fritillaria" group (Fritillaria ussuriensis and Fritillaria pallidiflora) and "Southern Fritillaria" group (Fritillaria thunbergii, Fritillaria mellea, Fritillaria sinica, Fritillaria cirrhosa var. ecirrhosa Franch, Fritillaria unibracteata var. longinectarea and Fritillaria cirrhosa). The latter group could be further divided into Fritillaria thunbergii and Fritillaria cirrhosa subgroup, and the species in Fritillaria cirrhosa subgroup had close phylogenetic relationships. The length of psbA-trnH sequences was distributed from 337 to 373 bp, and the intra- and inter-specific genetic distance were 0.263 and 0.329, respectively. The samples in this paper could not be clustered effectively by NJ tree. This indicated that the ITS2 sequences were not only able to identify Fritillaria cirrhosa with its partial relative species quickly and accurately, but also clarify the relationship between different Fritillaria species. Therefore, it provided an important theoretical foundation for the development of molecular markers, effective protection, and rational development and utilization of Fritillaria resources.

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis on the Influence of Rotor Non-Mechanical Errors of the Inductive Transducer in Active Magnetic Bearings.

Inductive transducers are widely applied to active magnetic bearings (AMBs). However, when the rotor rotates at a high speed, the rotor defects will affect the measuring signal (the magnetic field generated by transducer coils) and then reduce the transducer measuring accuracy. The rotor in AMBs is assembled with laminations, which will result in rotor non-mechanical errors. In this paper, rotor non-mechanical errors, including the anisotropic internal permeability and anisotropic surface conductivity, and their influence on double-pole variable-gap inductive transducers are explored in depth. The anisotropic internal permeability will affect the transducer measuring accuracy and bring about 1.3 ± 0.1 % measurement error. The anisotropic surface conductivity leads to different eddy currents around the rotor, influences the equivalent reluctance of the magnetic circuit, and then affectsthe transducer measuring accuracy. The experiments prove that rotor non-mechanical errors have a significant influence on transducer measurement accuracy, and the reduction of the transducer excitation frequency can reduce the measurement error and improve the AMB control performance.

Role of Gene Polymorphisms/Haplotypes and Plasma Level of TGF-ß1 in Susceptibility to In-Stent Restenosis Following Coronary Implantation of Bare Metal Stent in Chinese Han Patients.

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of restenosis. However, the role of TGF-ß1 polymorphisms in development of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after coronary bare metal stent (BMS) implantation in Chinese Han population has not been reported to date. The aim of this study was to explore the association between TGF-ß1 gene polymorphisms (-509C/T and 869T/C) and its plasma level in Chinese Han patients with BMS-ISR.We investigated 419 patients after successful coronary stent placement. All patients were reexamined by angiography. Genotyping for the two TGF-ß1 gene polymorphisms was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Plasma TGF-ß1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Ninety-two patients (21.96%) developed ISR during the follow-up period. The multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounders and it revealed that the C allele of TGF-ß1 869T/C polymorphism was linked to an increased risk of ISR in both additive (Per each C allele) and dominant (TC+CC versus TT) models with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-2.84, P = 0.008) and 2.52 (95% CI: 1.40-4.80, P = 0.005), respectively. In accord with this, C-dominant CC/CT genotype was linked to higher plasma TGF-ß1 level compared to TT genotype. One haplotype (TC) (-509T, +869C) was associated with an increased risk for ISR (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.06-2.06, P = 0.010).The C allele of TGF-ß1 869T/C polymorphism, correlated with high plasma TGF-ß1 level, represented an independent risk factor for BMS-ISR in Chinese Han patients with coronary artery disease.

[The correlation between carotid stenosis detected by neck vascular ultrasound and branch retinal vein occlusion].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical significance of the neck vascular ultrasound examination in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS: Case-control study. Thirty patients of BRVO and 30 healthy subjects with no ophthalmic and systemic symptoms were recruited from January 2010 to January 2012 in the Department of Ophthalmology of the First People's Hospital of Dali Prefecture. The neck vascular ultrasound examination was performed in two groups. The incidence of carotid atheromatous plaque, the rate of carotid stenosis and the carotid artery resistance index (RI) were compared using chi square test. Logistic regression analysis of the rate of carotid stenosis and carotid artery RI were performed. RESULTS: In BRVO group, 23 cases had carotid atheromatous plaque with the incidence of 76.7% Nineteen cases had carotid stenosis with the incidence of 63.3%. The average carotid artery RI was 0.66. In control group, carotid artery atheromatous plaque was found on 6 subjects with incidence of 20.0%. Carotid artery stenosis was detected in 3 subjects with incidence of 10.0%. The average carotid artery RI was 0.61. The incidence of carotid artery atheromatous plaque and carotid stenosis and carotid artery RI in BRVO group were significantly higher than the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that carotid artery stenosis (partial regression coefficien t = 2.263, OR = 9.611, P = 0.004) and carotid artery RI (partial regression coefficien t = 23.713, OR = 669.273, P = 0.006) had influence in BRVO patients as risk factors. CONCLUSION: Early detection of carotid scleratheroma and carotid artery stenosis by the carotid artery ultrasound examination played an important role in prevention or treatment of BRVO.